Merge Tool Configuration

How to customize which merge tools Mercurial chooses.

1. Introduction

Mercurial delegates most non-trivial file-level merging operations to an external program, called a merge tool. In most installations, Mercurial will automatically search your system for the 'best' available tool, based on a set of known tools in its global configuration.

This tool choice can be extensively customized based on various properties like filename, binary data, running in a GUI, etc.

2. Defining a merge tool

To define a merge tool, add something like the following in .hgrc:

 [merge-tools]
 mymergetool.something = something

which will define mymergetool (the left hand side until the first dot). The option values defines the behaviour of the tool.

For each file changed in both parents Mercurial chooses a merge tool. The merge tool is chosen from the list of file pattern matches in the [merge-patterns] section followed by all tools sorted by decreasing priority order. The list is filtered for whether the executable (defaulting to mymergetool) can be found, whether it supports symlinks or binary files, and whether a GUI is available. To bypass the priority scheme and set the default tool directly, specify the merge tool in [ui] section merge option. For backwards compatibility, the tool hgmerge is implicitly added with lowest priority.

If the chosen merge tool's premerge setting is True then an internal merge is attempted. If the premerge reports no conflicts, then the result will silently be used without running the actual merge tool.

The merge tool is run with an argument list from args with the following variables expanded:

Example configuration:

[merge-tools]
mymergetool.priority = 100
mymergetool.premerge = False
mymergetool.args = $local $other $base -o $output
myimgmerge =

[merge-patterns]
**.jpg = myimgmerge
**.exe = internal:fail

Tool options include:

executable can also be specified using a python script and function.

example:

mymergetool.executable=python:c:\somepython.py:mergefn

where somepython.py contains a function with signature:

def mergefn(ui, repo, args, **kwargs):

where args is list of args passed to merge tool. (by default, expanded: $local $base $other)

3. Internal merge with conflict markers

Mercurial has a selection of "internal" tools for various purposes (see merge-tools for full details). The most interesting of these is internal:merge3, which provides a traditional merge with conflict markers. To set this as your default tool, add the following to you config:

[ui]
merge = internal:merge3

Rather than relying on a dedicated merge tool, care will be needed to manually edit the text. The good news is that many code editors provide hints and UI support for fixing conflicts. After manually resolving the conflict, follow the instructions from hg status and use the resolve command to keep the manually resolve the conflicts.

4. See also


CategoryHowTo

MergeToolConfiguration (last edited 2019-08-07 17:58:24 by GregTatum)